Religious Texts
Religious texts or sacred texts (also known as scripture, or scriptures, from the Latin scriptura, meaning “writing”) are texts which religious traditions consider to be central to their practice or beliefs. Religious texts may be used to provide meaning and purpose, evoke a deeper connection with the divine, convey religious truths, promote religious experience, foster communal identity, and guide individual and communal religious practice.
Religious texts often communicate the practices or values of a religious traditions and can be looked to as a set of guiding principles which dictate physical, mental, spiritual, or historical elements considered important to a specific religion. The terms ‘sacred‘ text and ‘religious‘ text are not necessarily interchangeable in that some religious texts are believed to be sacred because of their nature as divinely or supernaturally revealed or inspired, whereas some religious texts are simply narratives pertaining to the general themes, practices, or important figures of the specific religion, and not necessarily considered sacred by itself. A core function of a religious text making it sacred is its ceremonial and liturgical role, particularly in relation to sacred time, the liturgical year, the divine efficacy and subsequent holy service; in a more general sense, its performance.
It is not possible to create an exhaustive list of religious texts, because there is no single definition of which texts are recognized as religious.
History of Religious Texts
More: History of religions, Timeline of religion, and History of writing
One of the oldest known religious texts is the Kesh Temple Hymn of Ancient Sumer, a set of inscribed clay tablets which scholars typically date around 2600 BCE. The Epic of Gilgamesh from Sumer, although only considered by some scholars as a religious text, has origins as early as 2150-2000 BCE, and stands as one of the earliest literary works that includes various mythological figures and themes of interaction with the divine. The Rig Veda of ancient Hinduism is estimated to have been composed between 1700–1100 BCE, which not only denotes it as one of the oldest known religious texts, but also one of the oldest written religious text which is still actively used in religious practice to this day, though no actual evidence of this text exists prior to the 13th century AD.
There are many possible dates given to the first writings which can be connected to Talmudic and Biblical traditions, the earliest of which is found in scribal documentation of the 8th century BCE, followed by administrative documentation from temples of the 5th and 6th centuries BCE, with another common date being the 2nd century BCE. Although a significant text in the history of religious text because of its widespread use among religious denominations and its continued use throughout history, the texts of the Abrahamic traditions are a good example of the lack of certainty surrounding dates and definitions of religious texts.
High rates of mass production and distribution of religious texts did not begin until the invention of the printing press in 1440, before which all religious texts were hand written copies, of which there were relatively limited quantities in circulation.

Holy Books
Associated terminology
A religious canon refers to the generally accepted, uniform, and often unchanging collection of texts which a religious denomination considers comprehensive in terms of their specific application of texts. For example, the content of a Protestant Bible may differ from the content of a Catholic Bible – insofar as the Protestant Old Testament does not include the Deuterocanonical books while the Roman Catholic canon does. Protestants and Catholics use the same 27 book NT canon, as well as the same 39 book OT protocanon, also shared by Jews.
The word “canon” comes from the Sumerian word meaning “standard”.
The terms “scripture” and variations such as “Holy Writ“, “Holy Scripture” or “Sacred Scripture” are defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as terms which specifically apply to Biblical text and the Christian tradition.
Sacred texts of various religions
The following is a non-exhaustive list of links to specific religious texts which may be used for further, more in-depth study.
Middle Eastern religions
Christianity
The Bible
Main articles: Biblical canon, Christian biblical canons, and Books of the Bible
The contents of Christian Bibles differ by denomination.
- The Canon of Trent defines a canonical list of books of the Catholic Bible that includes the whole 73-book canon recognized by the Catholic Church, including the deuterocanonical books. (In versions of the Latin Vulgate, 3 Esdras, 4 Esdras, and the Prayer of Manasseh are included in an appendix, but considered non-canonical).
- Most Protestant Bibles include the Hebrew Bible‘s 24 books (the protocanonical books) divided differently (into 39 books) and the 27-book New Testament for a total of 66 books. Some denominations (e.g. Anglicanism) also include the 15 books of the biblical apocrypha between the Old Testament and the New Testament, for a total of 81 books.
- Greek and Eastern Orthodox Bibles include the anagignoskomena, which consist of the Catholic deuterocanon, plus 3 Maccabees, Psalm 151, the Prayer of Manasseh, and 3 Esdras; The Fourth Book of Maccabees is considered to be canonical by the Georgian Orthodox Church. The Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Old Testament, is authoritative.
- The Church of the East includes most of the deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament which are found in the Peshitta (The Syriac Version of the Bible). The New Testament in modern versions contains the 5 disputed books (2 Peter, 2 John, 3 John, Jude, and Revelation) that were originally excluded.
- In Oriental Orthodoxy, the biblical canon differs in each Patriarchate.
- The Armenian Apostolic Orthodox Church has at various times included a variety of books in the New Testament which are not included in the canons of other traditions.
- The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (and its daughter, the Eritrean Orthodox Church) accept various books according to either of the Narrower or the Broader Canons but always include the entire Catholic deuterocanon, the Prayer of Manasseh, 3 Ezra, 4 Ezra, and The Book of Josippon. They may also include the Book of Jubilees, Book of Enoch, 1 Baruch, 4 Baruch, as well as 1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan (no relation to the Books of Maccabees). The New Testament contains the Sinodos, the Books of the Covenant, Clement, and the Didascalia.
- Some Syrian Churches, regardless of whether they are Eastern Catholic, Nestorian, Oriental or Eastern Orthodox, accept the Letter of Baruch as scripture.
- Some early Quakers also included the Epistle to the Laodiceans.
Latter Day Saint movement
Further information: Biblical canon § Latter Day Saint canons, and Standard works
- The Bible
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) uses the LDS edition of the King James Bible for English-speaking members; other versions are used in non-English speaking countries. The Community of Christ (RLDS) uses the Joseph Smith Translation, which it calls the Inspired Version, as well as updated modern translations.
- The Book of Mormon
- The Doctrine and Covenants. There are significant differences in content and section numbering between the Doctrine and Covenants used by the Community of Christ (RLDS) and the LDS Church.
- The Pearl of Great Price is authoritative in the LDS Church, rejected by Community of Christ.
- Other, smaller branches of Latter Day Saints include other scriptures such as:
- The Book of the Law of the Lord used by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite)
- The Word of the Lord and The Word of the Lord Brought to Mankind by an Angel used by (Fettingite) branches.
- Other, smaller branches of Latter Day Saints include other scriptures such as:
Additional and alternate scriptures
Some Christian denominations have additional or alternate holy scriptures, some with authoritativeness similar to the Old Testament and New Testament.
- The Unification Church includes the Divine Principle in its holy scriptures.
- Gnostic Christianity rejected the narrative in Pauline Christianity that the arrival of Jesus had to do with the forgiveness of sins, and instead were concerned with illusion and enlightenment. Gnostic texts include Gnostic gospels about the life of Jesus, books attributed to various apostles, apocalyptic writings, and philosophical works. Though there is some overlap with some New Testament works, the rest were eventually considered heretical by Christian orthodoxy. Gnostics generally did not include the Old Testament as canon. They believed in two gods, one of which was Yahweh (generally considered evil), the author of the Hebrew Bible and god of the Jews, separate from a Supreme God who sent Jesus.
- Marcion’s canon included only the Gospel of Marcion and a set of Pauline epistles which overlap with the canon of orthodox Pauline Christianity. His gospel was a version of the Gospel of Luke that did not contain any references to the Old Testament.
- The Cainites apparently used the Gospel of Judas.
Liturgical books
Liturgical books are used to guide or script worship, and many are specific to a denomination.
- Catholic liturgical books
- Books of the clergy
- The Roman Missal (The pope, archbishops, bishops, priests and deacons editions)
- The Book of the Gospels (evangeliary/evangelion)
- The Lectionary
- Sacramentary (for bishops and priests)
- Pontifical (for bishops)
- Cæremoniale Episcoporum (for bishops)
- Breviary (Hours/Divine Office)
- Gradual (Roman gradual, antiphonal, cantatory)
- Liber Usualis (Book of Common Use/Gregorian chants)
- Roman Ritual (baptism, benedictions, blessings, burials, exorcisms, etc.)
- Roman Martyrology (saints/The blessed)
- Books of church attendants:
- Missal (pew cyclical editions)
- Missalette (pew seasonal editions)
- Hymnal (pew hymnbook editions)
- Books of the clergy
- Protestant liturgical books
- Lutheranism
- Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book (ELHB) 1912
- The Lutheran Hymnal (TLH) 1941
- Lutheran Book of Prayer (LBP) 1941
- Lutheran Service Book and Hymnal (SBH) 1958
- Lutheran Book of Worship (LBW) 1978
- Lutheran Worship (LW) 1982
- Evangelical Lutheran Worship (ELW) 2006
- Lutheran Service Book (LSB) 2006
- Numerous hymn, service and guide books (varies by church)
- Methodism
- The Sunday Service of the Methodists
- Book of Worship for Church and Home (1965)
- The Book of Hymns
- The United Methodist Hymnal (United Methodist Church)
- The United Methodist Book of Worship (1992) (United Methodist Church)
- Book of Discipline (United Methodist) (John Wesley-1784, United Methodist Church-2016)
- Numerous hymn, service and guide books (varies by church)
- Southern Baptists
- Baptist Hymnal
- Numerous hymn, service and guide books (varies by church)
- Lutheranism
Doctrines and laws
Further information: Christian theology
Various Christian denominations have texts which define the doctrines of the group or set out laws which are considered binding. The groups consider these to range in permanence from unquestionable interpretations of divine revelations to human decisions made for convenience or elucidation which are subject to reconsideration.
- Doctrines such as the Trinity, the virgin birth and atonement
- The Ten Commandments (Hebrew: עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת, Aseret ha’Dibrot), also known in Christianity as the Decalogue, are a set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worship.
- The Christian Science textbook Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures by Mary Baker Eddy, along with the Bible, serves as the permanent “impersonal pastor” of the Church of Christ, Scientist.
- Seventh-day Adventists hold the writings of Ellen White are held to an elevated status, though not equal with the Bible, as she is considered to have been an inspired prophetess.
- Swedenborgianism is defined by the Biblical interpretations of Emanuel Swedenborg starting with Arcana Cœlestia
- H. Emilie Cady‘s 1896 Lessons in Truth, A Course of Twelve Lessons in Practical Christianity is considered a core text of the Unity Church.
- In Catholicism, the concept of Magisterium reserves matters of religious interpretation to the church, with various levels of infallibility expressed in various documents.
- Infallibility of the Church is applied to:
- In the Catholic Church, Papal infallibility of a very small number of papal decrees. Most documents produced by the Pope, including the Catechism of the Catholic Church are considered subject to revision.
- To the decisions of ecumenical councils in Catholic, some Orthodox, and some Protestant denominations, though the non-Catholic denominations only accept certain councils as genuinely ecumenical.
- The Salvation Army Handbook of Doctrine
- Transubstantiation and Marian teachings in Roman Catholic theology. The department of the Roman Curia which deals with questions of doctrine is called the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.
- Catholic Theology of Scripture
- The distinctive Calvinist doctrine of “double” predestination
- The Methodist Church of Great Britain refers to the “doctrines to which the preachers of the Methodist Church are pledged” as doctrinal standards
Islam
Main article: Islamic holy books and Islamic texts
- The Quran (also referred to as Kuran, Koran, Qur’ān, Coran or al-Qur’ān) – Four books considered to be revealed and mentioned by name in the Quran are the Quran (revealed to Muhammad), the Tawrat (revealed to Musa), the Zabur (revealed to Dawud) and the Injil (revealed to Isa)
Sunni Islam
- Hadith books (Kutub al-Sittah):
- Other Hadith books
- Muwatta Imam Malik
- Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal
- Sunan al-Kubra
- The Meadows of the Righteous (Riyadh al-saliheen)
- Bulugh al-Maram
- Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq
- Sunan al-Daraqutni
- Sahih Ibn Hibban
- Sunan al-Darimi
- Musnad al-Shafi’i
- Musnad Abu Hanifa
- Sahih ibn Khuzaima
- Musnad Tayalisi
- Musnad al-Bazzar
- Musnad Abi Ya’la
- Musnad Rahwayh
- Musnad ibn Humayd
- Musnad al-Firdous
- Tahdhib al-Athar
- Al-Mu’jam al-Awsat
- Al-Mu’jam as-Saghir
- Majma al-Zawa’id
- Kanz al-Ummal
- Shuab ul Iman
- Sharh Ma’anir Athar
- Sharh Mushkīlil Athar
- Silsilah Sahiha
- Mishkat al-Masabih
- Al-Adab al-Mufrad
- Sahih Hadith Kudsi
- Shama’il Muhammadiyah
- At-Targhib wat-Tarhib
Mevlevi Order
Shia Islam
- Hadith books (The Four Books): Kitab al-Kafi, Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih Tahdhib al-Ahkam, Al-Istibsar.
- Other Hadith books (discourses of Prophet Muhammad and his household), like Bihar al-Anwar, Awalim al-Ulum; and Tafsirs, such as Tafsir al-Burhan
- Prayer books and Ziyarat such as Mafateh al Jinan and Kamel al Ziyarat.
- Books on biography of Prophet Muhammad. There are thousands of biographies written, though unlike the Hadith collections, they are usually not accepted as canonical religious texts. Some of the more authentic and famous of them are:
- Al-Sira Al-Nabawiyya.
- The Making of the last prophet by Ibn Ishaq
- The Life of Prophet Muhammad by Ibn Ishaq
- Sira Manzuma.
- al-Mawahib al-Ladunniya.
- al-Zurqani ‘ala al-Mawahib.
- Sirah al-Halabiyya.
- I`lam al-Nubuwwa.
- Madarij al-Nubuwwa.
- Shawahid al-Nubuwwa.
- Nur al-Safir.
- Sharh al-Mawahib al-laduniyya.
- al-Durar fi ikhtisar al-maghazi was-siyar.
- Ashraf al-wasa’il ila faham al-Shama’il.
- Ghayat al-sul fi Khasa’is al-Rasul.
- Ithbat al-Nubuwwa.
- Nihaya al-Sul fi Khasa’is al-Rasul.
- Al Khasais-ul-Kubra, al-Khasa’is al-Sughra and Shama’il al-Sharifa.
- al-Durra al-Mudiyya.
Alawites
- Quran
- Kitab al Majmu
- Other 114 canonical scriptures such as (Kitab ul Asus by an ancient prophet) and the other 113 scriptures were authored by imam Ali, imam Ja’far al-Sadiq, the 11th Bab Ibn Nusayr and the medieval sages of the sect such as Al-Khasibi.
Alevism
- Quran
- Nahj al-Balagha
- Buyruks
- Makalat
- Vilayetname
- Akhiratnama
Baháʼí Faith
- Baháʼí literature
- Dua and Zyarat
- Other religions Scriptures
Judaism
Rabbinic Judaism
- Tanakh (Hebrew Bible)
- The Torah (teachings)
- Nevi’im (prophets)
- Ketuvim (writings)
- The Talmud
- The Midrash
Hasidic Judaism
Early texts:
-
- Noam Elimelech (Elimelech of Lizhensk)
- Kedushat Levi (Levi Yitzchok of Berditchev)
Foundational texts of various Hasidic sects:
-
- Likutei Moharan (Breslov)
- Me’or Einayim (Chernobyl)
- Mei Hashiloach (Izhbitza – Radzin)
- Tanya (Chabad)
- Vayoel Moshe (Satmar)
-
- The Tanakh with several Jewish apocrypha
Non-rabbinic Judaism
-
- The Tanakh
-
- The Tanakh
- Jewish Science: Divine Healing in Judaism
Samaritanism
- Primary religious texts, that is, the Avesta collection:
- The Yasna, the primary liturgical collection, includes the Gathas.
- The Visperad, a collection of supplements to the Yasna.
- The Yashts, hymns in honor of the divinities.
- The Vendidad, describes the various forms of evil spirits and ways to confound them.
- shorter texts and prayers, the Yashts the five Nyaishes (“worship, praise”), the Sirozeh and the Afringans (blessings).
- There are some 60 secondary religious texts, none of which are considered scripture. The most important of these are:
- The Denkard (middle Persian, ‘Acts of Religion’),
- The Bundahishn, (middle Persian, ‘Primordial Creation’)
- The Menog-i Khrad, (middle Persian, ‘Spirit of Wisdom’)
- The Arda Viraf Namak (middle Persian, ‘The Book of Arda Viraf’)
- The Sad-dar (modern Persian, ‘Hundred Doors’, or ‘Hundred Chapters’)
- The Rivayats, 15th-18th century correspondence on religious issues
- For general use by the laity:
- The Zend (lit. commentaries), various commentaries on and translations of the Avesta.
- The Khordeh Avesta, Zoroastrian prayer book for lay people from the Avesta.
- The true core texts of the Yazidi religion that exist today are the hymns, known as qawls. Spurious examples of so-called “Yazidi religious texts” include the Yazidi Black Book and the Yazidi Book of Revelation, which were forged in the early 20th century
- Rasa’il al-hikmah (Epistles of Wisdom)
Satpanth
- Ginans (the scriptures which contains the inner knowledge of Quran and Atharva veda which had lost in the original form of the two scriptures which had been corrupted too)
- Dua (prayers)
Indian religions
Main article: Indian Literature
Buddhism
Main article: Buddhism’s Sacred Texts
- Pali Literature
- Pāli Canon or Tipitaka
- Vinaya Pitaka
- Sutta Pitaka
- Digha Nikaya, the “long” discourses
- Majjhima Nikaya, the “middle-length” discourses
- Samyutta Nikaya, the “connected” discourses
- Anguttara Nikaya, the “numerical” discourses
- Khuddaka Nikaya, the “minor collection”
- Abhidhamma Pitaka
- Āgama in Buddhism
- The Chinese Buddhist Mahayana sutras, including
- Lankavatara Sutra
- Perfection of Wisdom
- (Prajñāpāramitā)
- Avatamsaka Sutra
- Salistamba Sutra
- Vimalakirti Sutra
- Diamond Sutra
- Shurangama Sutra and its Shurangama Mantra
- Great Compassion Mantra
- Pure Land Buddhism
- Infinite Life Sutra
- Amitabha Sutra
- Contemplation Sutra
- other Pure Land Sutras
- Tiantai, Tendai, and Nichiren
- Shingon
- Deity Yoga
- Tibetan Kangyur and Tengyur
Hinduism
Main article: Hinduism’s Sacred Texts
- List of Hindu Texts
- List of Hindu scriptures
- Indian Literature
- Sanskrit Literature
- Indian Epic Poetry
- Vedas
- Samhitas (Mantras, Prayers)
- Brahmanas (Commentaries, Instructions)
- Aranyakas (Meditation, Rituals)
- Upanishads (Essence, Wisdom)
- Itihāsas
- Puranas (List)
- Tantras in Hinduism
- Sutras (List)
- Stotras
- Ashtavakra Gita
- Gherand Samhita
- Gita Govinda
- Hatha Yoga Pradipika
- Yoga Vasistha
- In Vedanta (Uttar Mimamsa)
- In Yoga
- In Samkhya
- Samkhya Sutras of Kapila
- In Nyaya
- Nyāya Sūtras of Gautama
- In Vaisheshika
- Vaisheshika Sutras of Kanada
- In Vaishnavism
- Vaikhanasa Samhitas
- Pancaratra Samhitas
- Divyaprabandha
- In Saktism
- Sakta Tantras
- 64 Bhairavagamas
- 28 Shaiva Agamas
- Shiva Sutras of Vasugupta
- Vijnana Bhairava Tantra
- Pashupata Sutras of Lakulish
- Panchartha-bhashya of Kaundinya (a commentary on the Pashupata Sutras)
- Ganakarika
- Ratnatika of Bhasarvajna
- 28 Saiva Agama in Hinduism
- Tirumurai (canon of 12 works)
- Meykandar Shastras (canon of 14 works)
- Krishna-karnamrita
- Chaitanya Bhagavata
- Chaitanya Charitamrita
- Prema-bhakti-candrika
- Hari-bhakti-vilasa
- In Lingayatism
- Siddhanta Shikhamani
- Vachana sahitya
- Mantra Gopya
- Shoonya Sampadane
- 28 Agamas
- Karana Hasuge
- Basava purana
- In Kabir Panth
- poems of Kabir
- In Dadu Panth
- poems of Dadu
Jainism
- 11 Angas
- Secondary
- 12 Upangas, 4 Mula-sutras, 6 Cheda-sutras, 2 Culika-sutras, 10 Prakirnakas
- Secondary
- Samaysara
- Pravachanasara
- Niyamsara
- Pancastikayasara
- Karmaprabhrita, also called Satkhandagama
- Kashayaprabhrita
-
Nonsectarian/Nonspecific
- Jina Vijaya
- Tattvartha Sutra
- GandhaHasti Mahabhashya (authoritative and oldest commentary on the Tattvartha Sutra)
- Four Anuyogas (they call them, the four vedas of jainism)
Sikhism
Main article: Sikh scriptures
East Asian religions
Confucianism
- Four Books and Five Classics
- The Analects
- The Five Classics
- The Four Books
- The Thirteen Classics
- The Three Commentaries
Taoism
Shintoism
Main article: Shinto Holy Books
- Kojiki
- The Rikkokushi,
- The Fudoki
- The Jinnō Shōtōki
- The Kujiki
Indigenous (ethnic, folk) religions
Pre-Columbian Americas
- Aztec religion
- The Borgia Group codices
- Maya religion
- The Popol Vuh
- the Dresden Codex
- the Madrid Codex
- the Paris Codex
Ethnic religions
- Bon (Tibetan folk religion)
- Old Norse religion
- Kiratism
- The Mundhum of the Limbu ethnic group
- Shabakism
- Qizilbash
- Buyruks of Qizilbash
- Fetevatnameh
New religious movements
- Ayyavazhi
- The Akilathirattu Ammanai
- The Arul Nool
- The writings of Franklin Albert Jones a.k.a. Adi Da Love-Ananda Samraj
- Aletheon
- The Companions of the True Dawn Horse
- The Dawn Horse Testament
- Gnosticon
- The Heart of the Adi Dam Revelation
- Not-Two IS Peace
- Pneumaton
- Transcendental Realism
- Aetherius Society
- The Nine Freedoms
- Caodaism
- Kinh Thiên Đạo Và Thế Đạo (Prayers of the Heavenly and the Earthly Way)
- Pháp Chánh Truyền (The Religious Constitution of Caodaism)
- Tân Luật (The Canonical Codes)
- Thánh Ngôn Hiệp Tuyển (Compilation of Divine Messages)
- Cheondoism
- The Donghak Scripture
- The Songs of Yongdam
- The Sermons of Master Haeweol
- The Sermons of Revered Teacher Euiam
- Creativity Movement: The writings of Ben Klassen
- Nature’s Eternal Religion
- White Man’s Bible
- Salubrious Living
- Dudeism
- The Dude De Ching
- Duderonomy
- Freemasonry
- Book of Constitutions
- All Scriptures
- Jediism
- Aionomica
- Rammahgon
- Konkokyo
- Oshirase-Goto Obobe-Chō
- Konko Daijin Oboegaki
- Gorikai I
- Gorikai II
- Gorikai III
- Meivazhi
- The four vedas of Meivazhi
- Āti mey utaya pūrana veētāntam
- Āntavarkal mānmiyam
- Eman pātar atipatu tiru meyññanak koral
- Eman pātar atipatu kotāyūtak kūr
- The four vedas of Meivazhi
- Raëlism: The writings of Raël aka Claude Vorilhon
- Intelligent Design: Message from the Designers
- Sensual Meditation
- Yes to Human Cloning
- Rastafari movement
- The Bible (Ethiopian Orthodox canon)
- the Holy Piby
- the Kebra Nagast
- The speeches and writings of Haile Selassie I (including his autobiography My Life and Ethiopia’s Progress)
- Royal Parchment Scroll of Black Supremacy
- Religious Science
- The Science of Mind by Ernest Holmes
- Tenrikyo
- The Ofudesaki
- The Mikagura-uta
- The Osashizu
- Thelema
- The Holy Books of Thelema, especially The Book of the Law
- Unarius Academy of Science
- The Pulse of Creation Series
- The Infinite Concept of Cosmic Creation
Historical religions
Bronze Age
- Pyramid Texts
- Coffin Texts
- Book of the Dead
- Book of Caverns
- Book of Gates
- Amduat
- Book of the Heavenly Cow
- Litany of Re
- Atenism: Great Hymn to the Aten
- Hymn to Enlil
- Kesh Temple Hymn
- Song of the hoe
- Innana Descent to the Underworld
- Epic of Gilgamesh
- Epic of Enmerkar
- Epic of Lugalbanda
Classical antiquity
- Manichaeism
- The Gospel of Mani. Also known as The Living Gospel
- the Treasure of Life
- the Pragmateia (Greek: πραγματεία)
- The Book of Giants
- Fundamental Epistle
- Manichaean Psalter
- The Shabuhragan
- The Arzhang
- The Kephalaia (Greek: Κεφάλαια), “Discourses”, found in Coptic translation.
External links
- The British Library: Discovering Sacred Texts
- Religious full text online library
- Messianic bibles
- Ancient texts library
- Internet Sacred Text Archive
- The Buddhist Scriptures Compared with the Bible by Robert H. Krueger.
Adapted from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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