Philosophy

On this page, we have collected articles related to philosophy on our website.

A philosophy which literally means “love of wisdom“, is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is distinguished from other ways of addressing fundamental questions (such as mysticism, myth, or religion) by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. It involves logical analysis of language and clarification of the meaning of words and concepts.

Other investigations closely related to art, science, politics, or other pursuits remained part of philosophy. For example, is beauty objective or subjective? Are there many scientific methods or just one? Is political utopia a hopeful dream or a hopeless fantasy? Major sub-fields of academic philosophy include metaphysics (“concerned with the fundamental nature of reality and being”), epistemology (about the “nature and grounds of knowledge [and]…its limits and validity”), ethics, aesthetics, political philosophy, logic and philosophy of science.

A philosopher was someone who lived according to a certain way of life, focusing on resolving existential questions about the human condition, and not someone who discourses upon theories or comments upon authors.

Related articles

Philosophy Philosophy of Happiness Philosophy of Love Philosophy of Music The Discipline of Philosophy Existence Being Being and Existence Knowledge Value Reason Mind Love Wisdom Reality The Truth Meaningful life Secular Morality Sage (philosophy) Magical Thinking Nature in Philosophy Justice Phenomenon Philosophical Isms Teleology Well-being Intuition

Existence of God Logos Essence Eternity The All Summum Bonum Monad in Philosophy Cosmological Argument Ontological Argument Five Ways (Aquinas’ The Quinque Viae) Acatalepsy God is Dead Occam’s Razor Occasionalism Causality What Is “Ex Nihilo”? Who Created God? Given That God Created Everything, Who Created God? Divine Illumination Leap Of Faith Free Love Criteria Of Truth Just War Theory Narcissism

Problem of Hell Problem of Religious Language Human Nature Thought Outline Of Thought Freethought Language And Thought Positivism and Rationalism Humanism And Love of Humanity Soul Dualism Mind–body Dualism Afterlife in Modern Philosophy Dialogue Pluralism in Philosophy Voluntarism In Philosophy Women in Philosophy Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism Omega Point Outline of Metaphysics What is Enlightenment? What is Knowledge? Defining Knowledge Knowledge (Virtue) What is Theism?

Fields of philosophy

Aesthetics Romanticism Postmodernism Epistemology Outline Of Epistemology Constructivist epistemology Empiricism Holism Naturalized epistemology Positivism Rationalism Skepticism Transcendental idealism Jain Epistemology Infallibility Philosophy of language Speech Speech -2 Speech And Power Of Expression Ethics Applied ethics  Environmental ethics Relationship Between Animal ethics And Environmental Ethics Evolutionary ethics Bioethics Ethical Naturalism Conservation As Ethic Normative ethics  Virtue ethics Hedonism Epicureanism Consequentialism Ethical egoism Utilitarianism Divine command theory Anarchist ethics Postmodern ethics Sexual Ethics Meta-ethics Value in Ethics Moral skepticism Religious ethics Ethics in Religion Code Of Ethics For Spiritual Guides Christian Ethics Ethics In The Bible Islamic Ethics Buddhist Ethics Jewish Ethics Ethics of Jainism Aristotelian Ethics Secular Ethics Altruism (ethics) Ethical Dualism Ethical Egoism Moral psychology Evolution of morality Philosophy of mind Consciousness Dualism Idealism Materialism Monism Neutral monism Phenomenology Physicalism Metaphysics Ontology Philosophy of mind Cartesian dualism Will (Philosophy) Free will General Will Fatalism Materialism Meaning of life Absurdism Idealism Absolute Idealism Subjective Idealism Objective Idealism Existentialism Libertarianism Determinism Predeterminism Theological Determinism Naturalism Monism Compatibilism Nihilism Philosophy Of Space And Time B-theory Of Time Physicalism Relativism Political philosophy Anarchism Authoritarianism Capitalism Conservatism Democracy Monarchism Nationalism Fascism Individualism Imperialism Liberalism Libertarianism Socialism Maoism Chinese Marxist Philosophy Communism Progressivism Terrorism Pacifism Philosophy of science Constructivism Determinism Empiricism Instrumentalism Positivism Pragmatism Rationalism Scientism Skepticism Philosophical Skepticism Religious Skepticism Natural Philosophy Vitalism Reactionary Social Darwinism

Logic Reason Logic in Islamic Philosophy Principle of Sufficient Reason Sentience Self Religious Views on The Self Psychology of Self Philosophy of Self Self-love Self-acceptance Self-realization Self-efficacy Self-concept Self-healing Self-renewal 20 Ways To Renew Yourself Self-control Self-consciousness Self-confidence Self-compassion Self-awareness Awareness Quotes Self-reflection Prayers of Self-reflection Self-Confidence Or Self-Esteem Self-esteem Self-esteem Functions Self Discipline: Its Benefits and Importance Self-esteem Instability Will Power And Self Discipline The Key to Self-Esteem The Problem With Self-Esteem Making A God Of Self-Esteem Want To Build Your Child’s Self-esteem? The New Curriculum: Reading, Writing, and Self-esteem Self-Discipline Self-Discipline: Industry Self-Discipline: Persistence Self-Discipline: Hard Work Self-Discipline: Willpower Self-Discipline: Acceptance How To Build Self-Discipline Self-help Or Self-improvement Self-help Groups For Mental Health The Virtue Of Unselfishness Self and Sufism Sufism Talbis (Self-Concealment) Muraqaba (Self-Supervision) Muhasaba (Self-Criticism or Self-Interrogation) Is There a Prescription for the Diseases of the Carnal Self? The Necessity of Reflection and Self-Criticism Religious philosophy Buddhist Philosophy Buddhism and Western Philosophy Christian Philosophy Thomism Summa Theologica Yoga Philosophy Indian Philosophy Hindu philosophy Brahman Kapila’s Philosophy Islamic philosophy Early Islamic Philosophy Contemporary Islamic Philosophy Islam And Modern Western Philosophies Quran and Modern Science and Philosophy in Viewing Universe Muslim Philosophy Sufi Philosophy Jain Philosophy Jewish Philosophy Hasidic Philosophy Chinese Philosophy Confucianism Li (Confucianism) Taoism Mohism Iranian Philosophy Japanese Philosophy Veganism Philosophy of religion Theories of religion Absolute Agnosticism Animism Antireligion Atheism Agnostic Atheism Dharmism Deism Divine command theory Dualistic cosmology Exclusivism Existentialism Feminist theology Fideism Fundamentalism Gnosticism Henotheism Humanism Outline of Humanism Secular Humanism Religious Humanism Christian Humanism Humanistic Judaism Humanistic Buddhism Renaissance Humanism Transhumanism Monism Monotheism Mysticism Naturalism Naturalism In Philosophy Metaphysical Naturalism Religious Naturalism Humanistic Naturalism Spiritual Naturalism New Age Nondualism Nontheism Pandeism Pantheism Perennial Philosophy Personalism Polytheism Process theology Spiritualism Shamanism Taoic Theism Philosophical Theism Transcendentalism

History of philosophy

• Metaphilosophy
• Qur’anic Concept of History

Ancient philosophy Ancient Greek Philosophy Ancient Egyptian Philosophy Ancient Roman Philosophy Hellenistic Philosophy African Philosophy Ubuntu Philosophy Aztec Philosophy Indigenous American Philosophy Sophism Epicureanism Platonism Aristotelianism Hermeticism Stoicism Buddhism Pythagoreanism Epicureanism (hedonism) Cynicism In Philosophy Medieval philosophy Western philosophy Age of Enlightenment Renaissance philosophy Renaissance Vedanta Mahayana Neo-Confucianism Neoplatonism Neoplatonism And Christianity Kalam Scholasticism

Eastern philosophy Middle Eastern Philosophy Judeo-Islamic Philosophies Islamic philosophy Indian Philosophy Chinese Philosophy Taoist Philosophy Contemporary philosophy 19th-Century Philosophy 20th-century Philosophy Modern philosophy Analytic philosophy Continental philosophy Environmental Philosophy Empiricism Existentialism German idealism Marxism Phenomenology Structuralism Post-structuralism Pragmatism Rationalism Utilitarianism New Confucianism Neo-Vedanta Korean Philosophy Juche Subjectivism Objectivism Objectivist Movement Orientalism Universalism

Philosophers

• A philosopher
• Lists of Philosophers

We have collected some of the well-known philosophers so you can enjoy reading their life stories, thoughts, and contributions to resolving existential questions about the human condition.