Qurʾān with illuminated manuscript pages featuring ink, gold, and lapis, late 18th–early 19th century. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; Louis E. and Theresa S. Seley Purchase Fund for Islamic Art, 2009 (accession no. 2009.294); www.metmuseum.org

Comprehensiveness Of Quran And Meaning

Comprehensiveness Of Quran And Meaning This comes from the comprehensiveness of the Quran’s wording. Certainly, this comprehensiveness is apparent in the previous Words, as well as in the verses whose meanings are quoted in this Word. As pointed out in the hadith, Each verse has outer meanings, inner meanings, limits...

The Book

Respect For The Qur’an

Respect For The Qur’an This article covers respect for the Qur’an. Reciting the Qur’an to your children and teaching them how to read it is of great importance, but there is something that is even more important. That is giving your children the sense that what is being recited is...

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List Of Legends In The Quran

List Of Legends In The Quran Here, you will find the List of Legends in the Quran. A number of legends, parables, or pieces of folklore appear in the Quran, often with similar motifs to Jewish and Christian traditions which may pre-date those in the Quran. One folklorist, Alan Dundes,...

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Quran And Miracles

Quran And Miracles This article covers the Quran And Miracles. Islam considers the Quran to be a holy book, the word of Allah, and a miracle. The text itself is believed to be a miracle on the grounds that the Arabic text would not conform to the standard poetry and prose categories commonly expressed by...

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Satanic Verses

What Are Satanic Verses? Satanic Verses refer to words of “satanic suggestion” which the Islamic Prophet Muhammad is said to have mistaken for divine revelation. The alleged verses can be read in biographies of Muhammad by al-Wāqidī, Ibn Sa’d and Ibn Ishaq, and the tafsir of al-Tabarī. Most Muslim scholars reject the historicity of the incident on the basis of the theological doctrine...

17th-century manuscript of an Alexandrine novel (Russia): Alexander exploring the depths of the sea

Alexander The Great In The Quran

Alexander The Great In The Quran The story of Dhul-Qarnayn (ذو القرنين, literally “The Two-Horned One”, also transliterated as Zul-Qarnain or Zulqarnain), mentioned in the Quran, maybe a reference to Alexander III of Macedon (356–323 BC), popularly known as Alexander the Great. Western and traditional Muslim scholars generally identify Alexander the Great...

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What The Qur’an Says About Jihad

What The Qur’an Says About Jihad In light of recent events, the media is constantly talking about jihad. However, sometimes they do not define this term. Can you please tell us what the Qur’an says about jihad, and how the Prophet and the Companions implemented it in their daily lives?...

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Arguments For The Divine Authorship Of The Qur’an

Divine Authorship Of The Qur’an This article covers the Arguments For The Divine Authorship Of The Qur’an. When we study the Qur’an’s words, styles, and meanings even superficially, we notice immediately that it is unique. So, in rank and worth it is either below—even Satan cannot claim this, nor does he...

The leaves from this Quran written in gold and contoured with brown ink have a horizontal format. This is admirably suited to classical Kufic calligraphy, which became common under the early Abbasid caliphs.

What Is Quran How Can It Be Defined?

What Is Quran How Can It Be Defined? This article covers the answer to the question: “What Is Quran How Can It Be Defined?” The Quran is an eternal translation of the great book of the universe and the everlasting translator of the various ‘languages’ in which Divine laws of...

The Samarkand Kufic Quran, dated to the early 9th century. It is an alleged 7th century original of the edition of the third caliph Uthman. This Quran is located in the small Telyashayakh mosque in Tashkent.

Criticism Of The Quran

Criticism Of The Quran Criticism of the Quran is an interdisciplinary field of study concerning the factual accuracy of the claims and the moral tenability of the commands made in the Quran, the holy book of Islam. The Quran is viewed to be the scriptural foundation of Islam and is believed by Muslims to have been sent...

Payrus of Irenaeus' Against Heresies, which describes early Gnostic beliefs about Jesus' death which influenced Islam.

Sources for The Quran

Sources For The Quran Scholars have been able to point out several pre-existing sources for the Quran. Some scholars have calculated that one third of the Quran has pre-Islamic Christian origins. The most famous pre-Islamic source for the Quran is the Bible, which predates the Quran by several centuries. Quran contains references to...

The Quran

The Qur’an

The Qur’an In accordance with humanity’s worth and value, and considering the human heart, spirit, mind, and physical being, the Qur’an descended from the Highest of the High. Containing the most perfect messages, it is a collection of Divine Laws. Followed today by more than one billion people, the Qur’an...

A 12th-century Quran manuscript at Reza Abbasi Museum.

Is The Holy Book Word Of God?

Is The Holy Book (The Quran) Word Of God? This article covers the answer to the question: “Is The Holy Book Word Of God?“ The Holy Book is completely different from all the other books in the world 1. When we study the Holy Book even superficially from the viewpoint...

A Quran Student

Islam’s The Holy Qur’an

Islam’s The Holy Qur’an This article covers the answer to the question: “What is Islam’s The Holy Qur’an?” If We had sent down this Qur’an on a mountain, surely you would have seen it humbled, rent asunder by fear of God. Such comparisons do We coin for people that perhaps...

Allah

Criticism Of Hadith

What Is The Criticism Of Hadith? The criticism of Hadith refers to the critique directed towards collections of ahadith, i.e. the collections of reports of the words, actions, and the silent approval of the Islamic prophet Muhammad on any matter. The criticism revolves primarily around the authenticity of hadith reports and whether they are attributable to Muhammad, as well...

The Quran, in traditional Arabic text.

Historical Reliability Of The Quran

What Is Historical Reliability Of The Quran? The historical reliability of the Quran concerns the question of the historicity of the described or claimed events in the Quran. Muslims have generally disapproved of the historical criticism of the Quran. In the Muslim world, scholarly criticism of the Quran can be considered apostasy and can be punished by...

Qur’an section from the early 9th century, in Kufic script, with an early form of vowelization using red dots only for endings and difficult words.

Surah

What Is Surah? A Surah (سورة‎ sūrah, سور suwar) is the term for a chapter of the Quran. There are 114 surahs in the Quran, 86 are classified as Makki, while 28 are Madini. each divided into verses (āyāt). The chapters or surahs are of unequal length; the shortest chapter (Al-Kawthar) has only...

These two lines of calligraphy in elegant muhaqqaq script are from chapter 40 (Sura al-Mu'min, The Believer) of the Qur'an. The fragment on which they are written was once part of a Qur'an manuscript that is probably the largest ever produced. Originally, each page included seven lines of script copied on one side only. A double-page would fit perfectly into the gigantic stone Qur'an stand made for the congregational mosque of Bibi Khanum in Samarqand and commissioned by a grandson of Timur (Tamerlane, d. 1405). Its calligrapher was likely the renowned 'Umar Aqta'. Historical sources tell us that 'Umar tried to impress Timur by writing a Qur’an so small that it could fit under a signet ring. When the sultan was unmoved, 'Umar wrote a Qur'an so large that it had to be brought to Timur on a cart.

Ayah

What Is Ayah? In the Islamic Quran, an Ayah (آية‎; آيات āyāt) is a “verse,” one of the statements of varying length that make up the chapters (surah) of the Quran and are marked by a number. The word means “evidence,” “sign” or “miracle,” and in Islam may refer to things other than...

Page from a Koran, Near East, Abbasid period, late ninth-early tenth century

I’jaz

What Is I’jaz? In Islam, I’jaz, or inimitability of the Qur’an is the doctrine which holds that the Qur’an has a miraculous quality, both in content and in form, that no human speech can match. According to this doctrine, the Qur’an is a miracle and its inimitability is the proof granted to Muhammad in the...

Folio from a Qur'an Manuscript

Early Quranic Manuscripts

Early Quranic Manuscripts In this article, you will find information about the early Quranic manuscripts. In Muslim tradition, the Quran is the final revelation from God, Islam’s divine text, delivered to the Islamic prophet Muhammad through the angel Jibril (Gabriel). Muhammad’s revelations were said to have been recorded orally, through Muhammad and his followers up until...