The Existence Of God -2 This article covers the Existence of God from the kalam cosmological arguments of huduth and imkan in light of modern scientific discoveries. See more Kalam Cosmological Argument Humankind has grappled with the questions surrounding God, life, and creation for as long as we can remember...
Speech Creation began with a syllable of speech made up of two letters, namely “Be”. The roads leading from unity to multiplicity, from single to plural, appeared with speech and were illuminated with words, which are parts of speech. Before speech resounded in their hearts, man was in no way...
Kalam Cosmological Argument The Kalam cosmological argument is a modern formulation of the cosmological argument for the existence of God. It is named after the kalam (medieval Islamic scholasticism) from which its key ideas originated. It was popularized in the western world by William Lane Craig in his book, The Kalām Cosmological Argument (1979). The argument’s key underpinning idea is the metaphysical impossibility...
Islamic Theology Islamic theology is derived from the expression “Word of God” (Kalām Allāh) found in the Qur’an. The Arabic term Kalām means “speech, word, utterance” among other things. Ilm al-Kalam (عِلْم الكَلام, literally “science of discourse”), usually foreshortened to Kalam and sometimes called “Islamic scholastic theology”, is the study of Islamic doctrine (‘aqa’id). It...
Traditionalist Theology (Islam) Traditionalist theology or Athari (الأثرية—al-Aṯharīya) is an Islamic scholarly movement, originating in the late 8th century CE, who rejects rationalistic Islamic theology (kalam) in favor of strict textualism in interpreting the Quran and hadith. The name derives from “tradition” in its technical sense as a translation of the Arabic...
Logos In Islam This article covers logos in Islam. Throughout Islamic history, there have existed several different metaphysical concepts that have been understood to correspond “in many respects” to the logos Christology of Christianity and to the use of the term logos in late Greek philosophy. Main articles: Is The Holy Book Word Of God? and The...
Logos Logos (λόγος, lógos; ”I say”) is a term in Western philosophy, psychology, rhetoric, and religion derived from a Greek word variously meaning “ground”, “plea”, “opinion”, “expectation”, “word”, “speech“, “account”, “reason“, “proportion”, and “discourse”. It became a technical term in Western Philosophy beginning with Heraclitus (c. 535 – c. 475...
Pre-existence Of Christ The pre-existence of Christ asserts the existence of Christ before his incarnation as Jesus. One of the relevant Bible passages is John 1:1–18 where, in the Trinitarian interpretation, Christ is identified with a pre-existent divine hypostasis (substantive reality) called the Logos or Word. There are nontrinitarian views that question the aspect of personal pre-existence or the...
Logic In Islamic Philosophy This article covers Logic In Islamic Philosophy. Early Islamic law placed importance on formulating standards of argument, which gave rise to a “novel approach to logic” (منطق manṭiq “speech, eloquence”) in Kalam (Islamic scholasticism) However, with the rise of the Mu’tazili philosophers, who highly valued Aristotle’s Organon, this approach was...
What Is Kalam? Ilm al-Kalam (عِلْم الكَلام, literally “science of discourse”), usually foreshortened to Kalam and sometimes called “Islamic scholastic theology”, is the study of Islamic doctrine (‘aqa’id). It was born out of the need to establish and defend the tenets of Islamic faith against doubters and detractors. A scholar of Kalam is referred to as...
Islamic Philosophy In the religion of Islam, two words are sometimes translated as philosophy—falsafa (literally: “philosophy”), which refers to philosophy as well as logic, mathematics, and physics; and Kalam (literally “speech”), which refers to a rationalist form of Islamic philosophy and theology based on the interpretations as developed by medieval Muslim philosophers. Islamic philosophy has also...
List Of Shia Books This article covers the list of Shia books. Shia Islam or Shi’ism is one of the two main branches of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor and the Imam (leader) after him, most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm, but was prevented from...
Speech And Power Of Expression Divine Knowledge has designed the scheme of existence, while His Speech has drawn its architecture.1 After emerging as twins in the most intimate sanctuary of the unchanging essence (ayan al-thabitah), creation and Speech took on physical forms. In creating humankind, the Most Merciful gave us...