“Windows To Spirituality”
What is Henotheism? Henotheism (meaning ‘one god‘) is the worship of a single god while not denying the existence or possible existence of other deities. Friedrich Schelling (1775–1854) coined the word, and Friedrich Welcker (1784–1868) used it to depict primitive monotheism among ancient Greeks. Max Müller (1823–1900), a German philologist and orientalist, brought the term into wider usage in his...
Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment? “Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment?” (Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung?) is a 1784 essay by the philosopher Immanuel Kant. In the December 1784 publication of the Berlinische Monatsschrift (Berlin Monthly), edited by Friedrich Gedike and Johann Erich Biester, Kant replied to the...
The Age Of Enlightenment The Age of Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Reason or simply the Enlightenment) was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, the “Century of Philosophy“. Some consider Descartes‘ 1637 statement “I think, therefore I am” to have sparked the period....
Quotes About Worship We have collected and put the best Quotes About Worship from around the world. Enjoy reading these insights and feel free to share this page on your social media to inspire others. Worship is an act of religious devotion usually directed towards a deity. An act of worship may be performed individually,...
Wisdom In Hinduism Wisdom in Hinduism called: Pragña or Pragya (प्रज्ञ) as प्रज्ञा, प्राज्ञ and प्राज्ञा is used to refer to the highest and purest form of wisdom, intelligence and understanding. Pragya is the state of wisdom which is higher than the knowledge obtained by reasoning and inference. Meaning The Sanskrit...
Ancient Chinese Wisdom I have divided the Ancient Chinese Wisdom into four main parts at the present. The first is I-Ching, which is the classic of all the Chinese Classics. The second part is the teaching of Lao Zi. The third is Sun Zi Art of War. The fourth is...
Wisdom In Christian Theology This article covers Wisdom In Christian Theology The paradigms of Israel‘s religion — law, prophecy, and wisdom were not exclusive to Israel but were shared by other ancient Near Eastern cultures. So it was not the form of Israel’s religion that made it distinctive, but its...
What Is Knowledge? This article covers the answer to the question: “What Is Knowledge?” A Case Study on the East and West Genuine knowledge is a source of infinite light covered with truth, which leads enlightened people toward the righteous path. Modern science is built and developed upon existing information...
Principle Of Sufficient Reason The principle of sufficient reason states that everything must have a reason or a cause. The modern formulation of the principle is usually attributed to Gottfried Leibniz, although the idea was conceived of and utilized by various philosophers who preceded him, including Anaximander, Parmenides, Archimedes, Plato and Aristotle, Cicero, Avicenna, Thomas Aquinas, and Spinoza. Some philosophers have associated the...
What Is Compatibilism? Compatibilism is the belief that free will and determinism are mutually compatible and that it is possible to believe in both without being logically inconsistent. Compatibilists believe freedom can be present or absent in situations for reasons that have nothing to do with metaphysics. They define free will as freedom to act according to...
What Is Voluntarism In Philosophy? Voluntarism is “any metaphysical or psychological system that assigns to the will (voluntas) a more predominant role than that attributed to the intellect”, or, equivalently, “the doctrine that will is the basic factor, both in the universe and in human conduct”. This description has been applied to various...
What Is Theological Determinism? Theological determinism is a form of predeterminism which states that all events that happen are pre-ordained, or/and predestined to happen, by a God/gods, or that they are destined to occur given its omniscience. Theological determinism exists in a number of religions, including Jainism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is also supported by proponents of Classical pantheism such as the Stoics and Baruch Spinoza....
What Is Determinism? Determinism is the philosophical view that all events are determined completely by previously existing causes. Deterministic theories throughout the history of philosophy have sprung from diverse and sometimes overlapping motives and considerations. The opposite of determinism is some kind of indeterminism (otherwise called nondeterminism) or randomness. Determinism is often contrasted with free will, although...
What Is The Qur’anic Concept of History? What distinguishes the Qur’anic concept of history from other philosophies is that, first of all, while philosophers of history or sociologists build their conceptions on the interpretation of past events and present situations, the Qur’an deals with the matter from the perspective of...
Wisdom (al-Hikmah): A Paradigm For Social Sunan – A Fresh Look at Islam – Wisdom and Islam Al-Hikmah or wisdom means a total insight and having sound judgment concerning a matter or situation through understanding cause and effect phenomena. Al-Hikmah constitutes one of the three major teachings of Prophet Muhammad...
Book And Wisdom (Kitab and Hikma) This article is about the Book (The Holy Quran) and The Wisdom The Qur’an and Hadith Books “Wisdom / حكمة (Hikma)” is a recurrent word in the Qur’an. “For this We sent a Messenger to you from among you to recite our Verses to...
Arabian Wisdom Arabian Wisdom, short collection of Islamic wisdom literature was originally published in the Wisdom of the East Series. It features gems from the Quran, the Hadith, and traditional proverbs and aphorisms. This is principally meant as an enjoyable read; unfortunately the sayings are unattributed, which makes it less...
About Wisdom In Islam This article covers About Wisdom in Islam. Wisdom has been variously defined throughout the ages. However, none of these numerous definitions have been enough to provide people with the real meaning of wisdom. This is because information seekers have not consulted an accurate source but tried...
What is Neo-Confucianism? Neo-Confucianism (宋明理學; Sòng-Míng lǐxué, often shortened to lixue 理學) is a moral, ethical, and metaphysical Chinese philosophy influenced by Confucianism, and originated with Han Yu and Li Ao (772–841) in the Tang Dynasty, and became prominent during the Song and Ming dynasties. Neo-Confucianism could have been an attempt to create...
Modern Philosophy The 17th and early 20th centuries roughly mark the beginning and the end of modern philosophy. How much of the Renaissance should be included is a matter for dispute; likewise modernity may or may not have ended in the twentieth century and been replaced by postmodernity. How one decides these...
