Xenophon

The Death of Socrates (1787), by Jacques-Louis David

The Socratic Problem

The Socratic Problem In studying Socrates as an educator, we must first come to grips with the sources of our information about Socrates and their methodological complexities, which are known as the “Socratic problem.” Because we have no writing whatsoever by Socrates himself, we must rely on the extant literature...

Alcibades being taught by Socrates, by François-André Vincent, 1776 / Musée Fabre,

Socrates, Xenophon, And Plato

Socrates, Xenophon, And Plato Empedocles In the fifth century BC the Pythagorean school continued, and Parmenides in Elea contributed to metaphysics. Zeno also of Elea let his mind trap himself into thinking one could never get somewhere, because by going half-way there each time one would get closer but never...