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Muhammad’s Views on Christians Muhammad’s views on Christians were demonstrated through his interactions with them. He interacted with Christians while in Mecca, and sent a force to fight the Byzantines at the Battle of Mu’tah. Before the First Revelations At the age of nine, or according to some sources twelve, Muhammad went to...
Expedition of Al Raji The Expedition of al Raji, occurred directly after the Battle of Uhud in the year 4 AH[2] of the Islamic calendar.[1] Background Immediately after the Uhud battle, a group of men from Adal and al-Qarah came to Muhammad; requested him to send with them a few instructors to teach Islam to...
Who is Khatam an-Nabiyyin? Khatam an-Nabiyyin (خاتم النبيين, khātam an-nabīyīn; or Khātim an-Nabīyīn), usually translated as Seal of the Prophets, is a title used in the Qur’an to designate the prophet Muhammad and it is also translated as The Best and The Most Perfect of all Prophets. It is synonymous with the term Khātam al-Anbiyā’ (خاتم الأنبياء; or Khātim al-Anbiyā’) .It...
Splitting of the Moon The splitting of the moon (انشقاق القمر) is a miracle in Muslim tradition attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.[1] It is derived from the Quranic verses 54:1-2, and mentioned by Muslim traditions such as the Asbab al-nuzul (context of revelation). Some Muslim commentators, particularly from the...
Children of Muhammad The Children of Muhammad include the three sons and four daughters (one daughter according to Shia sources) born to the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.[1] All were born to Muhammad’s first wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid[2] except one son, who was born to Maria al-Qibtiyya[3] who was given to Muhammad as a slave in 628AD. His attitude and...
Muhammad and The Bible Arguments that prophecies of Muhammad in the Bible presaged his birth, teachings, and death have formed part of Muslim tradition from the early history of Muhammad’s Ummah (أُمَّـة, Community), although Christians like John of Damascus, Martin Luther and John Calvin have interpreted Muhammad as being the Antichrist....
Muhammad in the Quran The name “Muhammad” is mentioned four times in the Quran and the name “Ahmad” (another variant of the name of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad) is mentioned one time.[1] However, Muhammad is also referred to with various titles such as the Messenger of Allah, Prophet, unlettered, etc. and many verses about Muhammad...
Relics of Muhammad Traditionally, Islam has had a rich history of the veneration of relics, especially of those attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.[1] There exists historical evidence that some of the earliest Muslims practiced the veneration of relics, and the practice continued to remain popular in many parts of the Sunni Islamic world...
List of Biographies of Muhammad This is a chronological listing of biographies of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, ranging from the earliest traditional writers to modern times. Earliest biographers The following is a list of the earliest known Hadith collectors who specialized in collecting Sīra and Maghāzī reports. 7th and early 8th century (1st century of Hijra)...
Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia Religion in Pre-Islamic Arabia included polytheism, Christianity, Judaism, and Iranian religions. Arabian polytheism, the dominant form of religion in pre-Islamic Arabia, was based on veneration of deities and spirits. Worship was directed to various gods and goddesses, including Hubal and the goddesses al-Lāt, Al-‘Uzzá and Manāt, at...
Mawlid The history of this celebration goes back to the early days of Islam when some of the Tabi‘un began to hold sessions in which poetry and songs composed to honour Muhammad were recited and sung to the crowds.[5] The Ottomans declared it an official holiday in 1588,[6] known as Mevlid Kandil.[7] The term Mawlid is also used in some parts...
Muhammad’s First Revelation Muhammad’s revelation was an event described in Islam as taking place in 610 AD, during which the Islamic prophet, Muhammad was visited by the archangel Jibrīl, who revealed to him the beginnings of what would later become the Quran. The event took place in a cave called...
Migration to Abyssinia The Migration to Abyssinia (الهجرة إلى الحبشة, al-hijra ʾilā al-habaša), also known as the First Hegira (هِجْرَة hijrah), was an episode in the early history of Islam, where Prophet Muhammad’s first followers (the Sahabah) fled from the persecution of the ruling Quraysh tribe of Mecca. They sought refuge in the Christian Kingdom of Aksum, present-day Eritrea and Ethiopia (formerly referred to as Abyssinia, an...
Buraq Al-Burāq (البُراق al-Burāq “lightning”) is a magical equid in Islamic mythology: a creature from the heavens that transported the prophets. Most notably hadith literature recounts that Buraq carried the Islamic prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Jerusalem and back during the Isra and Mi’raj or ‘Night Journey’.[1] Etymology The Encyclopaedia of Islam,...
Wisdom (al-Hikmah): A Paradigm for Social Sunan – A Fresh Look at Islam – Wisdom and Islam Al-Hikmah or wisdom means a total insight and having sound judgment concerning a matter or situation through understanding cause and effect phenomena. Al-Hikmah constitutes one of the three major teachings of Prophet Muhammad (p)....
“The Six Books” Called Kutub al-Sittah The Kutub al-Sittah (الكتب الستة, ‘The six books’) are six (originally five) books containing collections of hadith (sayings or acts of the Islamic prophet Muhammad) compiled by six Sunni Muslim scholars in the ninth century CE. They are sometimes referred to as Al-Sihah al-Sittah, which translates as “The Authentic Six”. They were first formally...
Criticism of Muhammad Criticism of Muhammad has existed since the 7th century, when Muhammad was decried by his non-Muslim Arab contemporaries for preaching monotheism, and by the Jewish tribes of Arabia for his unwarranted appropriation of Biblical narratives and figures,[6] vituperation of the Jewish faith,[6]and proclaiming himself as “the last prophet” without performing any miracle nor showing any personal requirement demanded in the Hebrew Bible to distinguish a true...
Judaism’s Views on Muhammad Very few texts in Judaism refer to or take note of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. Those that do, generally reject Muhammad’s proclamation of receiving divine revelations from God and label him instead as a false prophet. Background In Judaism, prophets were seen as having attained the...
Medieval Christian Views on Muhammad During the Early Middle Ages, Christendom largely viewed Islam as a Christological heresy and Muhammad as a false prophet. By the Late Middle Ages, Islam was more typically grouped with heathenism, and Muhammad was viewed as inspired by the devil. A more relaxed or benign...
Depictions of Muhammad The permissibility of depictions of Muhammad in Islam has been a contentious issue. Oral and written descriptions of Muhammad are readily accepted by all traditions of Islam, but there is disagreement about visual depictions.[1][2] The Quran does not explicitly forbid images of Muhammad, but there are a few hadith (supplemental teachings) which have explicitly prohibited Muslims from...
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